A Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors for Online Gambling

Online Gambling is a form of gambling that involves placing bets in an online environment, typically using a computer or mobile phone. It can take the form of virtual casino games, lottery-like contests and virtual sports betting. While online gambling may seem harmless, it can cause individuals to lose large sums of money and have significant psychological or financial consequences. In addition, it can also cause problems with relationships and work performance.

To examine knowledge about risk and protective factors for online gambling, a systematic literature review was conducted using the academic databases PubMed, PsychInfo and Scopus. Searches were limited to peer-reviewed articles and used the syntax (ab(online, internet, interactive) and ab(risk factor,protective factor, predictor, correlate)).

Results show that a number of risk factors are common across both offline and online gambling. This suggests that it is unlikely that the development of specific interventions for online gambling would be necessary. However, it is important that people are aware of the dangers of online gambling and how to identify a problem.

Moreover, it is important that individuals prioritize their mental health and seek professional help if they have a gambling disorder. Therapy and support groups can offer guidance, coping mechanisms and emotional support. Often, gambling is used as a way to cope with underlying issues such as anxiety or boredom. Addressing these issues can reduce the urge to gamble. Additionally, it is important to avoid gambling websites that have rigged games or are not licensed.